Databases - Energy

• IEA World Energy Statistics and Balances
  • Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
  • Energy Balances of OECD Countries
  • Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
  • Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries
• Energy Prices and Taxes
• CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion
• Coal Information
• Electricity Information
• Natural Gas Information
• Oil Information
• Renewables Information

IEA World Energy Statistics and Balances - online database

The World Energy Statistics and Balances - IEAOnline Database is a subscription that includes four components.

• Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
• Energy Balances of OECD Countries
• Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
• Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

The Energy Statistics database provides information on annual supply and consumption of various types of energy in units associated with the particular type of energy (tons, joules, Gwh).

The Energy Balances database provides information on annual supply and consumption of various types of energy in the common unit of Tons of Oil Equivalent (toe).

Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

This database contains data on energy supply and consumption in original units for the different type of coal, oil, gas, combustible renewables and waste as well as for electricity and heat. Conversion factors used to calculate energy balances are also provided. In general, data are available from 1960 onwards.

The current edition includes data for the Slovak Republic, which joined the OECD on 14 December 2000. There may be some breaks in the series until the national administration has had a chance to review the time series currently included in the IEA databases.

The data shown in this publication are based on information provided in five annual OECD questionnaires: “Oil”, “Natural Gas”, “Solid Fossil Fuels and Manufactured Gases”, “Renewables and Wastes” and “Electricity and Heat” completed by the national administrations of the OECD Member countries.

In August 2000, the IEA added a separate annual questionnaire on Renewables and Wastes in order to improve the quality of reporting by national administrations. As a result of this new questionnaire, it is possible that there will be breaks in renewables and waste time series between 1997 and 1998 until national statistical offices are able to revise their series.

While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the data, quality is not homogeneous throughout the database. Country notes and individual country
data should be consulted when using regional aggregates. In general, data are likely to be more accurate for production, trade and total consumption than for individual sectors in final consumption which often need to be estimated by administrations.

Definitions of products and flows and explanatory notes on the individual country data are available within the data browser environment.

Energy Balances of OECD Countries

The Energy Balances of OECD Countries database contains data on energy supply and consumption of coal, oil, gas, combustible renewables and waste as well as for electricity and heat in detailed energy balances. The data series and sources are similar to the one available in the companion product Energy Statistics of OECD Countries but the Balances figures are expressed in 1000 tonnes of oil equivalent, which allows easy comparison of the contribution each fuel makes to the economy and their interrelationships through the conversion of one fuel into another. Data coverage starts in 1960.

Conversion factors used to calculate energy balances and indicators such as GDP, population, the industrial production index, etc are also provided. The database shows standardized energy balance sheets for each of the 30 OECD countries, as well as for the following regions: OECD total, OECD North America, OECD Pacific, OECD Europe, IEA, and European Union.

Definitions of products and flows and explanatory notes on the individual country data are available within the data browser environment.

Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

Provides statistical data on supply and consumption of various types of energy in over 100 non-OECD countries expressed in units associated with various types of energy (tons, joules, Gwh). In terms of products covered and flows covered, this database offers almost the same coverage as the Energy Statistics of OECD Countries database.

Data coverage starts in 1971.

Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

Provides statistical data on supply and consumption of various types of energy in over 100 non-OECD countries expressed in the common unit of tons of oil equivalent (toe). In terms of products covered and flows covered, this product offers almost the same coverage as the Energy Balances of OECD Countries database.

Provides data from 1971 onwards.

Energy Prices and Taxes - IEA Online Database

Contains a major international compilation of energy prices at all market levels: import prices, industry prices and consumer prices. The statistics cover main petroleum products, gas, coal, and electricity, giving for imported products an average price both for importing country and country of origin. Every issue includes full notes on sources and methods and a description of price mechanisms in each country.

Many of the data are taken from a quarterly reporting system of end-use energy prices which the Standing Group on Long Term Cooperation of the IEA initiated in early 1981. The crude oil import costs are reported to the Secretariat based on the monthly crude oil import register for the IEA Standing Group on the Oil Market. The remaining data have been taken from national and international publications.

While considerable efforts have been made to ensure comparability between countries, users should refer carefully to the country notes contained on the diskette. Definitions for prices shown for a particular energy source used in a given sector may differ from country to country. At one extreme, gasoline prices are closely comparable between countries; at the other extreme, only broad order of magnitude comparisons between coal prices may be possible.

The IEA Energy Prices and Taxes database is updated quarterly in January, April, July and October. It is divided into three parts containing a total of 15 data tables. The three parts are the following:

1. Spot Market and Crude Oil Import Costs:
   1. Crude Oil Import Costs in US Dollars/bbl and Index in National Currencies.
   2. IEA Crude Oil Import Costs by Type of Crude Oil in US Dollars/bbl.
   3. Crude Oil Spot Prices in US Dollars/bbl.
   4. Oil Products Spot Prices in US Dollars/bbl.
   5. Marine Bunker Spot Prices in US Dollars/tonne.
2. Coal and Natural Gas Import Costs and Export Prices:
   1. Steam and Coking Coal Export Prices in US Dollar/tonne and Indices.
   2. Steam and Coking Coal Import Costs in US Dollars/tonne and Indices.
   3. EU15 and Japan Steam and Coking Coal Import Costs in US Dollars/tonne and Volumes.
   4. Natural Gas Import Costs.
3. End-User Prices:
   1. End-User Prices in National Currencies.
   2. End-User Prices in National Curencies on a Heat Equivalent Basis.
   3. End-User Prices in US Dollars.
   4. End-User Prices in US Dollars - OLADE.
   5. Indices of Real Energy End-Use Prices.
   6. Wholesale and Retail Indices of Energy Prices.

CO 2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion - IEA Online Database

Recent years have witnessed a fundamental change in the way governments approach energy-related environmental issues. Promoting sustainable development and combatting climate change have become integral aspects of energy planning, analysis and policy making in numerous countries, including all IEA members.

The database assists in better understanding the evolution of CO 2 emissions from fuel combustion from 1960 onwards for OECD/IEA countries and from 1971owards for non-OECD/IEA countries by sector and fuel.

The estimates of CO 2 emissions from fuel combustion presented in this database are calculated using the IEA energy data and the default methods and emission factors from the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. There are many reasons why the IEA estimates may not be the same as the numbers that a country submits to the UNFCCC, even if a country has accounted for all its energy use and correctly applied the IPCC Guidelines .

Since 2000 the IEA is presenting CO 2 emissions calculated using both the IPCC Reference Approach and the IPCC Tier 1 Sectoral Approach. In some of the non-OECD countries, there can be large differences between the two sets of calculations due to various problems in some energy data. As a consequence, this can lead to different emisssion trends between 1990 and 1999 for certain countries.

The database provides the following five data files:

• CO 2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion (detailed estimates) (Mt of CO 2 )
• CO 2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion (Mt of CO 2 )
• CO 2 Indicators
• Emissions per kWh and Electricity (TWh) and Heat Output (TWh)
• Per Capita CO 2 Emissions by sector

Includes electronic manuals (PDF) detailing definitions, methodologies, etc.

Coal Information - IEA Online Database

The Coal Information database contains time series of annual coal data for OECD and non-OECD countries from 1960 onwards.

For OECD countries, data are based on submissions from national administrations to the OECD Secretariat, while for non-OECD countries data are based on national energy data of heterogeneous nature which has been converted and adjusted to fit the IEA's "Basic Energy Statistics" format.

The data tables are presented in the format very similar to those published in the book but data for all available years are provided, generally from 1960 onwards. Non-OECD data starts in 1971. For Part I, only tables that are not included in the Part II are included.

OECD Tables:

• Total Primary Energy Supply by Fuel
• Energy Supply, GDP, Population
• Coal Production, Trade, Demand
• Final Consumption of Energy by Fuel
• Extended Coal Balance
• Use of Coal for Selected End Uses
• Fuel Prices to End-Users
• Imports by Origin
• Exports by Destination
• Coal Import Values by Origin
• Coal Export Values by Destination

NON-OECD and WORLD Tables:

• Coal Production, Trade, Demand
• Extended Coal Balance
• World Coal Statistics

Other Tables:

• Electricity Generation and Capacity
• Consumption of Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI) Coals
• World and Seaborne Coal Trade
• World Coal Trade

Includes PDF manual providing definitions, conversion factors, unit information, exchange rates, flow data, etc.

Electricity Information - IEA Online Database

The Electricity Information database contains time series of annual electricity and heat data for OECD countries from 1960 onwards.

The data set is structured in six multi-dimensional databases:

1. OECD Electricity and Heat Production
   Contains data on gross and net electricity and heat production
2. OECD Electricity and Heat Supply and Consumption
   Contains data on production, total imports and exports, own use, energy and end-use consumption
3. OECD Net Electricity and Heat Production by Autoproducers
   Contains data on net electricity and heat production by autoproducers in all plants, by sector
4. OECD Gross Electricity and Heat Production from Combustible Fuels
   Contains data on input and output of electricity and heat by combustible fuel and by plants
5. OECD Net Maximum Electrical Capacity
   Contains data on single fuel-fired, multi-fuel fired, type of generation and peak load
6. OECD Electricity Trade
   Contains the breakdown of imports by country of origin and exports by country of destination
7. Selected Tables from the print publication Electricity Information 2005 providing all available years, generally 1971 to 2003:
   • OECD Electricity production, imports, exports, apparent consumption, 2004e (TWh)
   • Electricity production, imports, exports, final consumption 2003 (TWh)
   • OECD Gross electricity production, by country, by fuel, 2004e (TWh)
   • OECD Gross electricity and heat production from combustible fuels, by country, 2004e
   • Gross electricity production, by country, by fuel, 2003 (TWh)
   • Gross electricity and heat production from combustible fuels, by country, 2003
   • Fuel use for electricity and heat production, by country, 2003 (PJ)
   • Indices of real energy prices for end-users for OECD, USA, OECD-Europe and Japan
   • Electricity prices for industry and households in US dollars/kWh and in US dollars/toe
   • Electricity prices for households in US dollars/kWh converted with PPP and PPP in national currency/US dollars
   • Heavy fuel oil, steam coal and natural gas prices for electricity generation in US dollars/t,107 kcal and in US dollars/toe
   • US dollar exchange rates in national currencies
   • Energy consumption, GDP, population and TPES by source
   • Fuel use for electricity and heat production / Imputed energy used for electricity and heat production (Mtoe)
   • Final consumption of energy, by fuel (Mtoe)
   • Fuel prices to end-users

Includes PDF manual outlining structure of databases, information on conversion factors, definitions, country notes, geographical coverage, exchange rates, etc.

Natural Gas Information - IEA Online Database

The IEA Natural Gas database contains time series of annual gas data for OECD and non-OECD countries from 1960 onwards. Data from 1960 to 1970 are not available for some countries.

Statistics for OECD countries are based on data submissions from national administrations to the Secretariat. Statistics up to 2003 are from the Annual Gas Statistics (AGS) questionnaire, while data for 2004 are based on estimates submitted by national administrations. Data for non-OECD countries are primarily from IEA's database on World Energy Statistics. The database covers supply and demand for all forms of energy for over 100 non-OECD countries for the period 1971 to 2003. The data have been collected from national statistical publications and through collaboration with other international organizations and the energy industry.

The Natural Gas data set is structured into four parts:

1. OECD Supply and Consumption by sector
   Contains data on production, total imports and exports, stock changes and data for transformation energy and end-use consumption
2. OECD Imports
   Contains the breakdown of imports by country of origin
3. OECD Exports
   Contains the breakdown of exports by country of destination
4. World Supply
   Contains data on production, total imports and exports and gross inland consumption

For each of these four parts, data are shown either in Terajoules (TJ) or Cubic Meters.

Includes PDF documentation providing information on the structure of the data files, country notes, definitions of products and flows, conversion factors, exchange rates, etc.

Oil Information - IEA Online Database

The Oil Information database includes detailed and comprehensive annual data of oil supply, demand, trade, production and consumption by enduser for each OECD country individually and for the OECD regions from 1960 onwards. Trade data are reported extensively by origin and destination. Data are available for some 20 oil products and are provided in thousand metric tons; including conversion factors. This database also contains some major series for world-wide historical demand and supply.

Statistics for OECD countries are based on data submissions from national administrations to the Secretariat. Statistics up to 2003 are from the Annual Oil Statistics (AOS) database, while oil data for 2004 are mainly based on the Monthly Oil and Gas Statistics (MOS) database. These monthly oil data, submitted by member governments, are historically lower than the annual statistics as they
exclude demand for certain products (e.g. petroleum coke in certain countries). To arrive at a comparable time series between AOS and MOS data, the 2004 monthly data are adjusted upwards for underreporting. Data for 2004 may therefore differ from similar statistics published in the publication Oil, Gas, Coal and Electricity Quarterly Statistics (MOS data). Please see notes related to individual countries
for more information on data sources and estimations.

The data submitted in this database are divided into seven tables:

1. OECD Crude Supply (1000 tonnes)
   Information is provided in the form of supply and demand balances, presenting indigenous production, imports, exports, stock changes, refinery.
2. OECD Product Supply and Consumption (1000 tonnes)
   Information is provided in the form of supply and demand balances, presenting refinery gross output, recycled products, imports, exports, transfers, stock changes, international marine bunkers and gross deliveries. In addition, the table includes data on inland deliveries by sector: transformation, energy, transport, industry and other sectors, as well as the non-energy use.
3. OECD Imports (1000 tonnes)
   Information on OECD member countries' imports from 73 origins for 24 products. Included are: crude oil, NGLs, motor gasoline, gas/diesel oil, residual fuel oil and 15 other refined products.
4. OECD Exports (1000 tonnes)
   Information on OECD member countries' exports to 64 destinations for 24 products. Included are: crude oil, NGLs, motor gasoline, gas/diesel oil, residual fuel oil and 15 other refined products.
5. OECD Conversion Factors (bbl/t)
   This table includes the average conversion factors from metric tons to barrels, for the OECD countries and for 22 products.
6. Key World Oil Statistics (1000 tonnes)
   Information is provided on crude oil and NGL production, refinery output, trade and oil demand for 150 countries and regions of the World.
7. World Deman by Main Product Groups
   Information is provided, both in thousand metric tons and thousand barrels/day, on world demand by main petroleum product groups for regions of the World and OECD Countries.

Renewables Information - IEA Online Database

Renewables Information is an annually updated database providing sound market information on renewable and waste energies to policy and market analysts, and those em-ployed in all sectors of the renewables industry.

This monitoring and reporting of historical trends as well as the current energy market situation pro-vides a strong foundation for policy and market analysis, to better inform the policy decision proc-ess towards policy instruments that are best suited to meet domestic and international objectives.

Renewables Information brings together in one volume the basic statistics compiled by the IEA on renewable and waste energy sources. It covers production, trade, transformation to electricity and heat, final consumption and installed generating capacity from renewable and waste energy sources.

The OECD data shown in this publication are primarily based on information provided to the IEA's Energy Statistics Division (ESD) in the Annual Renewables and Waste Questionnaire. This questionnaire is completed by the national administrations of the OECD member countries and provides statistics for electricity and heat production, primary supply, transformation sector, end-use consumption and installed capacity for electricity generation from renewable sources. The Annual Renewables and Waste Questionnaire was implemented in August 2000 and is a joint questionnaire between the IEA, Eurostat and the Statistical Division of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations.

The non-OECD data were collected by the non-member section of ESD, which receives its data from the Annual Renewables and Waste Questionnaire for some countries and from secondary sources for the other countries.

The collection of the data presents national administrations with some unique challenges. Renewable energy systems tend to be smaller than conventional systems, and harder to track. Operators tend to be more diverse and a much larger population. Many systems are connected to the grid at the distribution level rather than the transmission level and so do not require interconnection permits. National governments are now seeking to improve data collection methods to reflect the particular nature of renewable energies. In general, the dispersion of renewables and waste production, specifically that of the off-grid production (such as domestic solar collectors and/or small wind turbines), creates transparency and measurement problems. Thus, the nature and structure of the renewable energy market impedes data quality and reliability when compared to that of the traditional fossil fuels, which are mainly pro-duced in grid-connected plants.

In order to improve the quality of renewables and waste statistics and to ensure data compatibility, the IEA initiated a project in 2002 to compare and harmonise historical IEA data with those of national administrations and/or Eurostat, where applicable. Due to the unavailability or inaccuracy of renewables and waste statistics before 1990, emphasis was put on the reconciliation of data after 1990. Thus, 1990 is the first year reported in this database. Minor discrepancies between the different data-collecting bodies may remain in the early years of our analysis because renewable energy classification systems were not well established and coordination between the member countries was poorly developed.

Where possible, these discrepancies have been resolved and the following pages incorporate the results of the reconciliation process. Differences from national or Eurostat statistics are retained where different definitions of renewable energy are applied or where IEA data are more accurate.

Country notes and individual country data should be consulted when using regional aggregates. IEA analysis suggests that data are more accurate for electricity and heat production, and electricity generation capacity, than for supply and final con-sumption of renewable and waste energy.

The OECD currently has 30 Member countries. Energy data for all Member countries are presented in this publication and included in all OECD totals or regional aggregates.

The IEA has 26 member countries; Iceland, Mexico, Poland and the Slovak Republic are members of the OECD but not of the IEA.

The tables listed below are presented in the format very similar to those published in the book but data for all available years are provided, generally from
1990 onwards.

Renewables Information - OECD Tables

• Energy Supply, GDP and Population:
  This table provides a full set of main indicators for each OECD aggregate and Member country such as TPES, percentage of renewables, GDP, population, electricity generation and the share of electricity produced from renewable products.
• Net Generating Capacity of Renewable and Waste Products (MW):
  This table shows a comprehensive status of net electrical capacity by type of fuel, as well as solar collectors' surface.
• Gross Electricity and Heat Generation from Renewable Sources (GWh, TJ):
  This table presents gross electricity and heat production from each of the renewable and waste sources as well as the breakdown according to the type of plant (electricity only, CHP or heat only). It should be noted that the heat part of this table is not available for all countries.
• Primary Energy Supply, Transformation and Final Consumption of Renewable Products:
  In this table, a balance for different products is shown. These products are: geothermal, solar ther-mal, industrial waste, renewable and non-renewable municipal waste, solid biomass, gas from biomass and liquid biofuels. In the case of geothermal, if transformation inputs are not sub-mitted by the national administrations they are estimated based on 10% efficiency for electricity generation and 50% efficiency for heat generation. Solar photovoltaic and thermal transformation in-puts into electricity and heat production are estimated at 100% efficiency (based on the IEA methodology that the first energy form down-stream in the energy production is considered the primary supply).

Renewables Information - World Table

• Selected Renewables Indicators by Country
  This table presents for every country and regional aggregate the main indicators on renewable energy such as TPES, percentage of renewables and the shares of the main fuel categories in total renewables.

Supporting information such as list of tables, general notes, country notes, geographical coverage and conversions is supplied in PDF format.